The Technological Side Of Fashion - 2188 Words

Between the 18th and 19th century, the Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain, leaving results that greatly impacted on the way that people lived their lives. Until this very day aspects of society are continuously changing especially in the world of fashion. The fashion industry is constantly evolving especially both technological and economical aspects. The technological side of fashion has emerged greatly with technology like 3D printers becoming common for fashion brands to use when creating new garments. For example during the winter of 2015 the high street brand Topshop collaborated with Wonderluk, a company who create and sell 3D printed accessories. The collaboration included 3D printed necklaces, rings, and bowties. In economic†¦show more content†¦For example, a main attribute of the economics will be how much each piece of clothing costs to make. Also, other costs such the disruption and shipping of the clothing will be included in the economic side of fashion. Companies spend big amounts of money in all of these elements of fashion, especially on the textiles used to produce the garment with along with the materials that will be used to distribute the clothing in. Cotton, a heavily used material in the fashion industry, is regularly blamed for contributing towards environmental issues that the world is facing alongside other things. Sportswear brand Puma, are aware of the waste the fashion industry is believed to be contributing towards environmental issues, so the company teamed up with designer Yves Behar in 2015 to create the ’clever little bag’. This is their new sustainable way of distributing their shoes to customers instead of using cardboard boxes. Instead the bag is made with less material and as the packaging is a sleeve with handles there is no need for a use of a plastic carrier bag when the shoes are first purchased. The main concept behind the change of the packaging was to help reduce the amount of wastage that happens when shoes are distributed in shoe boxes. Because shoe boxes are not being re-used or recycled into something else more and more cardboard is being wasted, which goes back to a big amount of trees are being cut down to produce these boxes. It

A Brief History Of Mark Cindy Pentecost Essay - 1174 Words

First, a brief history of the company It Works Global. Mark Cindy Pentecost began the business in 2001, with Luis Mijares, the formulator behind the It Works body, contouring and skin care products. The company was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Don VerHulst, MD joined the company in 2005 to expand products to include vitamins and nutrition. By 2009 the company was completely debt free. In 2010 It Works went international. The company was moved to Bradenton, Florida in 2011. It Works Global has 115,000 distributors, worldwide. (It Works Global, 2016) This brings us to Nikki Jones, an independent distributor with It Works. It Works Global considers their distributors to be entrepreneurs. Nikki began her business March, 13th 2014, by this time It Works Global had reached the $450 million mark. (It Works Global, 2016)Nikki is enjoying her business and the structure behind it, she has had much success with her business, although there were some obstacles along the way. The structure of an It Works Global Independent Distributor business is what led Nikki to start her own business. Nikki would not have begun this journey had it not been for the support of an already established company that sold unique products. This took out most of the fear associated with starting one’s own business. Nikki is a certified veterinary aide, having attended Wayne Community College, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College, and OSU Agricultural Technical Institute. (Jones, 2016) She was not

Space design considerations for an architecture school Free Essays

And teaching staff in newly approved Institution / Program. Then it gives detailed time schedule for processing of applications . Page- 72 : It provides further information about Unapproved Institutions, detailed points to be carried out Action in case of violation of Regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Space design considerations for an architecture school or any similar topic only for you Order Now It provides objectives , eligibility , processing fee and procedure for approval, conditions for approval regarding Collaboration Twining Program between Indian and Foreign Universities or Institutions in the field of Technical Education, Research and Training . Peg 73- 81 : It gives information about the program , duration and eligibility for students o be considered while giving admission to under graduate degree program, Post Graduate Degree and Post Graduate Diploma Programs (Full Time), Diploma Program, Post Diploma Programs . Page- 107 : It lists the approved Nomenclature of Courses of 400 courses taught under CACTI. It gives information in tabular form regarding the Norms for Intake Peggy-111 . Number of Courses / Divisions in the Technical Institutions of under graduate level, Post Graduate Degree and Post Graduate Diploma Level, Private Limited or Public Limited Company/laundry Establishing Diploma or UnderGraduate or Post Graduate Institute. Peg 12- : it describes the Norms for Land requirement and Building Space for Technical Institution , like the land requirement in acres in Other than Rural places(Competent Authority to certify that the place is not located in a rural area) and Rural Places as defined by Competent Authority. It gives detailed requirements of built-up area divided in 1 . Instructional area (NINA, carpet area in sq. M. ), Administrative area (DAD, carpet area in sq. M. ), Amenities area (AMA, carpet area in sq. 2. Circulation area (CIA) is equal to 0. 250 (NINA+DAD+AMA). M. ). , 3. Total built up area in sq. M. Is equal to (NINA+DAD+AMA) How to cite Space design considerations for an architecture school, Papers

Lack of access to Palliative Care-Myassignmenthelp-Myassignment

Question: Write an Essay on Lack of access to Palliative Care. Answer: Introduction End of life care is particularly challenging for the healthcare professionals as it requires extensive collaboration and critical insight to ensure health and wellbeing of the distressed individuals in need of care. In contrast to the terminally ill patients who require palliative care services for management of their condition, the ones afflicted by dementia like disorders is shrouded with impediments that hamper their quality of life significantly. Dementia has been identified as a debilitating syndrome that causes progressive deterioration of the cognitive brain functioning encompassing memory, perception, reasoning, understanding and behavior. The geriatric population is more vulnerable to acquire this condition and majority of the incidences reportedly occur at age 65 years or more (World Health Organization, 2017). Data in the context of Australia for the year 2014 has revealed that dementia including Alzheimers disease is the second leading cause of death accounting for 7.8% o f total mortalities in Australia (Abs.gov.au, 2017). In consideration of the above situation it is imperative to resort to prudent approaches as offered through palliative care facilities for enhancing the prevalent scenario with respect to the dementia patients living in Australia. The following essay will highlight on three relevant issues that might hinder the provision of person-centered and family focused palliative care for older people living with end-stage dementia in residential aged care facilities in Australia itself. Issues that may hinder the provision of person-centered and family focused palliative care for older people living with end-stage dementia in residential aged care facilities in Australia Rendering person-centered and family focused palliative care for older people thriving with end-stage dementia in case of aged care facilities may be disrupted due to pervasiveness of various issues such as paucity of access to palliative care, communication problems and faulty pain management. These issues impede the proper management of the deleterious health condition of dementia that tends to rob oneself of her personal stand. Lack of access to palliative care Dementia is a potentially debilitating illness in which the declining cognitive status of the affected person majorly influences the judgment, reasoning, memory and communication skills thereby posing threat to the victims. Hence, providing adequate and most appropriate treatment intervention is a challenging task for the healthcare professionals. Moreover, end stage dementia is particularly hard to handle due to insufficient and considerable knowledge acquisition on the part of healthcare professionals in addition to limited resources and dearth of curative therapies. Transcending the traditional care with respect to dementia patients, novel and improved healthcare practices are required to remedy the sufferings of the dementia affected patients as well as their families thereby providing opportunities for maximizing the quality of life of them across various stages of illness. Poor outcomes because of end of life issues in dementia patients is of particular botheration as it tend t o jeopardize the stability in a persons life and incur threats to health (Lee et al. 2017). Further, researches carried out with respect to the provision of end-of-life care depicted that despite being a terminal illness condition; dementia is often undermined that leads to inadequate healthcare delivery. People with end stage dementia do not have access to most suited end-of-life care needs that compromise their healthcare outcomes in a major way. In contrast to other terminal illness, stereotype and stigma is attached with dementia that makes it more difficult to combat the adverse outcomes. Difficulty in dementia diagnosis coupled with lack of education regarding the disorder by the healthcare workforce, families and caregivers predisposes the vulnerable group of elderly population to encounter the wraths and negative repercussions. Inability to detect complications associated with end stage dementia by the healthcare professionals further aggravates the problem and harness poor end-of-life outcomes to strategize suitable interventions based on the individualized needs of the affected dementia person. The composite needs of the victims are not succinctly addressed due to such negative results emanating from dearth of clinical expertise and insight for recognizing the specific symptoms of dementia. Fewer referrals to suitable palliative care facilities are another major hindrance (Dowling et al. 2015). The culturally, linguistically and ethnically diverse groups are particularly susceptible to face discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and equity in service provision. Therefore, timely diagnosis and prompt intervention are delayed that procrastinates the chances of recovery of the dementia patient in a huge manner. Adequate navigation of the healthcare system if not fulfilled satisfactorily has the ability to diminish the service outcomes for dementia patients in spite of exhibition of similar symptoms like that of pain, confusion, agitation, lack of sleep and eating as happens in terminal illness like cancer (King, Goeman and Koch 2015). Communication issues In contemporary healthcare sector, communication is considered crucial and complementary to other modes of therapeutic interventions for deriving optimal benefits for the distressed patient. In case of dementia-affected patients, similar results may be expected out of appropriate following of communication strategies. The affected individuals may not always verbally articulate sufferings instead, they may resort to expressing their issues of concern through behavioral gestures and similar symptoms. Functional decline of the dementia sufferers is commonly noted that may be indicative of the diagnostic presence of dementia in the concerned individual. Thus, the general practitioners through cooperative and synergistic efforts received from other allied healthcare professionals are capable of rendering accurate diagnosis and management for dementia. Empirical evidences have offered resolution in mitigating the challenging issues with respect to the dementia patients through undertaking of proper training, encouraging the dementia-affected to continue with exercise programs, healthy dietary intake and self-sufficient activities of daily living as much as practicable. Therefore, understanding the underlying symptoms through critical reflection is important for the health service providers to address the situation satisfactorily and has been categorically stated in the clinical practice guidelines for elderly dementia patients (Dyer et al. 2016). Apart from the healthcare workers, the family members who remain in close association with the patient might also encounter challenges to comprehend the immediate situation that indicate the behavioral underpinning linked to dementia. The healthcare prioritization of dementia like condition have garnered considerable attention in recent circumstances that further necessitated the need to incorporate all the elements surrounding dementia care to harbor positive outcomes. Emphasis has been attached to consider revision of care givers needs in liaison with the cultural values for reducing the subjective burden associated with dementia. The caregiver support mechanisms has been suggested to rest in conformity with the allied concepts of dementia care for prudent intervention regarding the matter. The ability to listen, respond and construe depending on the patients situation has been identified particularly important (Xiao et al. 2014). Better communication and comprehension of the non-verbal behavioral responses is likely to ensure the smooth implementation of the therapeutic interventions aimed to ameliorate the symptoms of the dementia patient. Non-verbal communication has been recognized as the most suitable therapeutic target through psychological intervention models within the delivery care framework. Specifically dementia and Alzheimers disease has been reportedly lead to the generation of improved outcomes through utilization of various technological resources so that communication between people wi th dementia and their caregivers presents significant transformation (Chenery et al. 2016). The inability to voice their feelings or express with the help of words should not stand on the way of offering appropriate health service to the patient, instead behavioral responses and facial expressions must be taken into consideration while assessing the dementia condition for the concerned affected person. The changing behavioral pattern in course of progressive stages of dementia need to be kept into account by the attending healthcare professionals to deal with the ensuing situation perfectly. Study findings suggest that increased education in addition to support for families circumscribing issues pertinent to end-of-life care decisions is fruitful for advanced dementia. In case, the patients do not have the capacity to take decisions about treatment modalities in end of life, the same must be entrusted upon the near ones of the patient comprising of family members preferably. The nec essary decisions on patients behalf will be taken by that concerned individual, which is to be clearly defined in statements surrounding advanced care planning where explanations for choices in end-of-life care will be documented (Reinhardt et al. 2014). Pain management There has been speculation regarding the use of analgesic medications in case of the dementia-affected individuals that has largely accounted for the reduced use of pain reliving medicines in case of such patients. Improper and decreased pain management is thus noticed. Effective treatment faces barriers in absence of successful communication of pain for severe dementia. Systematic study of facial expressions has brought to the forefront distinguished characteristics specific to the perception of pain that hold potential for future implication to alleviate dementia symptoms through proper therapeutic administration. The reliable indicators of pain has been found to be confounded by factors such as contextual variables, observers bias in addition to overall state of the individuals health and wellbeing. Thus, the susceptibility to pain by the elderly individuals is likely to be resolved by allaying the possibilities of under-recognition, under-treatment and under-estimation (Hadjistav ropoulos et al. 2014). Issues like that of grimacing pain because of progressive illness that cause significant decline of their health status compound dementia patients approaching end of life. The healthcare assistants recruited at the aged care facilities spend a bulk proportion of time with the ailing patients as opposed to other healthcare personnel thereby acting as the frontline healthcare workforce responsible for offering accurate healthcare service to the dementia patients. They conduct the operations related to identification of pain in the dementia-affected persons and reporting to the immediate authority for prompt medical intervention. Literature has supported the up skilling of this group of healthcare team members and reversal of the stigma attached to the role to render safe and quality dementia care for the concerned persons (Jansen et al. 2017). Targeted pain management services through incorporation of relevant pain assessment tools has been highlighted in furthe r study to allow better understanding in relation to the prescribing practices within the aged care facilities thereby accounting for improved quality of life for those affected persons (Tan et al. 2014). Healthcare staff and informal caregivers who remain in close proximity with the dementia afflicted patients in the aged care facilities exhibit attitudinal and knowledge barriers in assessment of pain that threaten the status of those persons because of exerting significant influence over practice behaviour. Thus, discernible attention and prudent intervention with respect to pain management through knowledge and other skills acquisition is desirable to elicit positive responses through better pain handling in the dementia patients during their end-of-life care (Chandler et al. 2017). Critically analyses Management of dementia in aged care facilities calls for greater insight, prudence and pragmatism through utilization of suitable multidimensional composite healthcare interventions that are capable of eliciting positive results on application. A team comprising of interdisciplinary healthcare members may undertake measures that properly address the needs of the dementia patients so that quality of life of both patient as well as caregiver may be improved. Prognosis, management and advanced care planning for the dementia patients are likely to culminate in generating holistic outcomes that will cause emancipation of the individuals health in addition to assessing their palliative care needs (Brody 2016). Delivery of effective dementia care planning has been found to be thwarted due to poor symptom assessment alongside possible inappropriate prescription of antipsychotic medication that may be further attributed to the lacunae in understanding and knowledge in managing dementia patien ts by the healthcare workers during their clinical intervention (OShea et al. 2015). Deeper probe into matters relevant to the dementia patients have referred to both the under-treatment and under-recognition of pain among the elderly dementia patients. The deficits in nursing knowledge and attitudes owing to the complexity and individualization with respect to pain behaviors have been held responsible for such implications. However, a standardized approach to pain management in conjunction with workforce stability and accessibility of proper training for the nurses might lead to successful management of pain in case of dementia patients (McIlfatrick 2015). Further, critical appraisal of dementia patient condition has talked about implementation of a facilitated approach to better equip with relevant resources essential to deal with older patients suffering from dementia. A collaborative nursing home culture supported by activities and ongoing associations for the healthcare workers is desirable to ensure safe and quality healthcare facility for dementia affected, palliative care patients (Luckett et al. 2017). Recommendation Positive healthcare outcomes specific to the elderly dementia patients may be represented through access to palliative healthcare services in residential aged care settings where the nurses and other healthcare staff make endeavors to render all round support for managing their condition. Information available in the context of Australia suggest that the escalating numbers of dementia diagnosed patients require extensive care in the form of palliative care services as accessible in the aged care facilities to ameliorate their declining health status symptoms (Aihw.gov.au, 2017). Empirical evidences have argued in favor of improvising and implementing appropriate interventions for the sake of addressing the end-of-life care services specific to the dementia patients that aim to harp on matters related to the challenges in course of the illness and trajectory. In conjunction with the interactive responses, the non-verbal communication has been considered crucial to better manage the co ndition besides being heed to the sufferings of the caregivers who remain in close association with the patients (Rexach2012). Apart from the traditional modalities of dementia management, it has been increasingly emphasized to recover the knowledge deficits and apply relevant learning, desirable skills regarding palliative care management of dementia patients among the healthcare workers and families of patients surviving with dementia that may be enhanced through evidence based practice. Palliative care has been identified as a potential way of managing dementia to live up to the heightened demands of optimal care for dementia afflicted (Robinson et al. 2014). Further, recommendations have highlighted on maintaining the ethical and legal standards of practice in nursing for safeguarding the choices, autonomy and dignity of the patients by means of providing insight pertaining to advanced care planning (ACP) that in turn may be facilitated through arranging training sessions for th e concerned healthcare professionals in charge of dementia affected patients (Health.gov.au, 2017). Conclusion Critical evaluation of the condition prevalent among the dementia patients receiving end of life care has brought to the forefront the barriers to management of such individuals within the residential setting framework of palliative care unit. Until date no cure for dementia has been discovered, however alleviation of the symptoms associated with the disorder has been found to be effective in tackling the situation specific to the patient. Therefore, it must be ensured so that they get access to specialized palliative care health services at par with others suffering from terminal illness. Accurate assessment and interpretation of the patient situation carried out by the nurses and other healthcare personnel is crucial to treat them holistically by catering to their individualized needs. Pragmatic observation of both the verbal as well as nom-verbal communication is beneficial in this respect where the nurses may satisfactorily acknowledge the distinctive scenario. Further, the pain management regime needs to be well monitored and comprehensive to prevent adverse outcomes and ensure better quality of life for the dementia affected old. Overall the end of life care for dementia patients needs to be framed in coalition with inputs received the respective healthcare professionals, the patient and their families so that all aspects of health including the physical, emotional, spiritual, as well as cultural domains is addressed for harboring optimal outcomes. References Abs.gov.au (2017).3303.0 - Causes of Death, Australia, 2014. [online] Abs.gov.au. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/3303.0~2014~Main%20Features~Dementia,%20including%20Alzheimer%20disease%20(F01,%20F03,%20G30)~10040 [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017]. Aihw.gov.au (2017).Palliative care services in Australia (AIHW). [online] Aihw.gov.au. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/palliative-care/ [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017]. Brody, A.A., 2016. Dementia palliative care. InDementia Care(pp. 247-260). Springer International Publishing. C Chandler, R., MG Zwakhalen, S., Docking, R., Bruneau, B. and Schofield, P., 2017. Attitudinal knowledge barriers towards effective pain assessment management in dementia: a narrative synthesis.Current Alzheimer Research,14(5), pp.523-537. Chenery, H.J., Atay, C., Campbell, A., Conway, E., Angus, D. and Wiles, J., 2016. Using technology to enhance communication between people with dementia and their carers.Alzheimer's Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association,12(7), pp.P279-P280. Dowling, M., Dempsey, L., Larkin, P. and Murphy, K., 2015. The unmet palliative care needs of those dying with dementia.International journal of palliative nursing. Dyer, S.M., Laver, K., Pond, C.D., Cumming, R.G., Whitehead, C. and Crotty, M., 2016. Clinical practice guidelines and principles of care for people with dementia in Australia.Australian family physician,45(12), p.884. Hadjistavropoulos, T., Herr, K., Prkachin, K.M., Craig, K.D., Gibson, S.J., Lukas, A. and Smith, J.H., 2014. Pain assessment in elderly adults with dementia.The Lancet Neurology,13(12), pp.1216-1227. Health.gov.au (2017).Department of Health | National Palliative Care Projects. [online] Health.gov.au. Available at: https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/palliativecare-program.htm [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017]. Jansen, B.D.W., Brazil, K., Passmore, P., Buchanan, H., Maxwell, D., McIlfatrick, S.J., Morgan, S.M., Watson, M. and Parsons, C., 2017. Exploring healthcare assistants role and experience in pain assessment and management for people with advanced dementia towards the end of life: a qualitative study.BMC palliative care,16(1), p.6. King, J., Goeman, D. and Koch, S., 2015. Dementia care in the community: Access for culturally and linguistically diverse communities.Alzheimer's Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association,11(7), p.P581. Lee, E.E., Chang, B., Huege, S. and Hirst, J., 2017. A Complex Clinical Intersection: Palliative Care in Patients with Dementia.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Luckett, T., Chenoweth, L., Phillips, J., Brooks, D., Cook, J., Mitchell, G., Pond, D., Davidson, P.M., Beattie, E., Luscombe, G. and Goodall, S., 2017. A facilitated approach to family case conferencing for people with advanced dementia living in nursing homes: perceptions of palliative care planning coordinators and other health professionals in the IDEAL study.International Psychogeriatrics, pp.1-10. McIlfatrick, S., 2015. Palliative care in dementia: literature review of nurses knowledge and attitudes towards pain assessment.International journal of palliative nursing,21(8), pp.400-407. OShea, E., Timmons, S., Kennelly, S., Sin, A.D., Gallagher, P. and ONeill, D., 2015. Symptom Assessment for a Palliative Care Approach in People With Dementia Admitted to Acute Hospitals: Results From a National Audit.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology,28(4), pp.255-259. Reinhardt, J.P., Chichin, E., Posner, L. and Kassabian, S., 2014. Vital conversations with family in the nursing home: preparation for end-stage dementia care.Journal of social work in end-of-life palliative care,10(2), pp.112-126. Rexach, L., 2012. Palliative care in dementia.European Geriatric Medicine,3(2), pp.131-140. Robinson, A., Eccleston, C., Annear, M., Elliott, K.E., Andrews, S., Stirling, C., Ashby, M., Donohue, C., Banks, S., Toye, C. and McInerney, F., 2014. Who knows, who cares? Dementia knowledge among nurses, care workers, and family members of people living with dementia.Journal of Palliative Care,30(3), pp.158-165. Tan, E.C., Visvanathan, R., Hilmer, S.N., Vitry, A.I., Quirke, T., Emery, T., Robson, L., Shortt, T., Sheldrick, S., Clothier, R. and Reeve, E., 2014. Analgesic use, pain and daytime sedation in people with and without dementia in aged care facilities: a cross-sectional, multisite, epidemiological study protocol.BMJ open,4(6), p.e005757. World Health Organization (2017).Dementia. [online] World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs362/en/ [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017]. Xiao, L.D., Wang, J., He, G.P., De Bellis, A., Verbeeck, J. and Kyriazopoulos, H., 2014. Family caregiver challenges in dementia care in Australia and China: a critical perspective.BMC geriatrics,14(1), p.6.

Characters in Wuthering Essay Example

Characters in Wuthering Essay Chapters 1-3 1. Why does Mr. Lockwood go to Wuthering Heights? What kind of welcome does he receive? 2. Why does Lockwood return to Wuthering Heights uninvited, and how do the results of his visit affect the remainder of the novel? 3. When Lockwood first enters Wuthering Heights, who lives there? 4. What feeling do we get from Wuthering Heights and its occupants in these first few chapters? 5. Describe Heathcliff. 6. What glimpses from the past does Lockwood get when he discovers Catherines books? 7. Whose ghost visits Mr. Lockwood? What is Heathcliffs reaction to the ghost? B) Chapters 4-8 . Who is Nelly Dean? 2. What do the gifts that Hindley and Catherine ask their father to bring them reveal about their characters? 3. What are Heathcliffs origins? 4. Why does Hindley despise Heathcliff? 5. Characterize Catherine. 6. Compare and contrast Catherines and Heathcliffs reactions to the Lintons at Thrushcross Grange. 7. Why did Edgar get applesauce dumped on him? 8. Catherine is pained by Hindleys punishment of Heathcliff, yet she continues to entertain her guests. What change does this reveal? 9. What does Heathcliff begin to plan? 10. Who is Hareton Earnshaw? 11.How does Frances death affect Hindley? 12. Edgar gets a good look at Catherines other side. What is his reaction? C) Chapters 9-10 1. Who saves Haretons life? 2. Why does Catherine accept Edgars proposal when she knows Heathcliff is a part of her soul? 3. Why does Heathcliff disappear? 4. How has Heathcliff changed during his absence of three years? 5. Who is Isabella, and what does she think of Heathcliff? 6. How does Heathcliff begin his revenge on Hindley (and ultimately gain control of his land)? D) Chapters 11-13 1. Describe Hareton Earnshaw as a boy. 2. Why does Heathcliff embrace Isabella? 3.Why does Catherine put herself into a fit? 4. For what does Catherine wish in her delirium? 5. What happened to Isabellas springer? 6. How does Edgar react to Isabellas running away with Heathcliff? 7. What k ind of a reception does Isabella receive at Wuthering Heights? 8. What does Isabella want of Nelly? E) Chapters 14-17 1. Describe Heathcliffs relationship with Isabella. 2. Why does Nelly agree to take Heathcliffs letter to Catherine? 3. Describe the relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine. 4. What does Heathcliff plead for from Catherine? 5. Why does Edgar bury Catherine away from the family? . Isabella hates Heathcliff and yet she warns him that Hindley has a gun and means to shoot him. Why? 7. What is Hareton doing when Isabella escapes? 8. Who is Linton? 9. Compare and contrast the way Hindley and Edgar handle losing their spouses and rearing their children. 10. Upon Hindleys death, who owns Wuthering Heights, and how? F) Chapters 18-21 1. Describe Cathys first meeting with Hareton. 2. Describe Linton Heathcliff. 3. Why does Heathcliff want Linton? 4. Why does Heathcliff feel an affection for Hareton? 5. Why does Nelly cut off the love letters between Cathy and Linton?G) C hapters 22-26 1. How does Heathcliff get Cathy to visit Linton? 2. Linton is not very likable. Why do you think Cathy cares for him? 3. Compare the relationships among Heathcliff, Catherine, and Edgar to the relationships between Hareton, Cathy, and Linton. 4. Where do Cathy and Linton meet? 5. Why does Heathcliff want Cathy and Linton to marry? H) Chapters 27-30 1. Why is it necessary for Heathcliff to kidnap Cathy and Nelly? 2. Why does Linton help Cathy escape to see her father? 3. How has Heathcliff arranged to finally be with Catherine? 4. After Linton dies, what is left for Cathy?I) Chapters 31-34 1. Why is Hareton trying to learn to read? 2. Heathcliff abuses Hareton and tries to see Hindley in his features, but who does he really see? 3. How has Wuthering Heights changed in Mr. Lockwoods absence? 4. How did Heathcliff change towards the end? 5. How is Heathcliffs death like Catherines? 6. How is the bitterness and hatred in the story finally overcome? A) Chapters 1-3 1. Why does Mr. Lockwood go to Wuthering Heights? What kind of welcome does he receive? He is looking for solitude. Mr. Heathcliff and all of the residents at Wuthering Heights treat him rudely. 2.Why does Lockwood return to Wuthering Heights uninvited, and how do the results of his visit affect the remainder of the novel? The house has piqued his curiosity. He wants to get to know his landlord/neighbors; 3. When Lockwood first enters Wuthering Heights, who lives there? Heathcliff (the landlord), his daughter-in-law (Catherine), Hareton Earnshaw, Joseph ; Zilla. 4. What feeling do we get from Wuthering Heights and its occupants in these first few chapters? Wuthering Heights (and its occupants) are sulky, cold, and dark. We get a feeling of oppression and depression. 5. Describe Heathcliff.He is dark, like a gypsy, with black eyes. He is handsome and dresses somewhat like a gentleman, yet he is sullen, short-tempered, and very reserved. It is obvious that he does not welcome visitors and do es not like the people with whom he lives. 6. What glimpses from the past does Lockwood get from Catherines books? First he learns of Catherine Earnshaws existence and her friendship and fondness for Heathcliff. He also learns of Catherines brother Hindley who resents Heathcliff and is cruel to him. We are also introduced to Hindley, Catherine’s older brother, and his wife, Frances. 7. Whose ghost visits Mr.Lockwood? What is Heathcliffs reaction to the ghost? Catherines ghost appears to him. When Heathcliff hears of the ghost (and he has time alone), he goes into a sorrowful fit. 8. How reliable is Lockwood’s account of Catherine’s ghost? Lockwood was half asleep when the ghost appears. It is possible he has had an intense vision as part of the dream. On the other hand, it seems likely that Charlotte Bronte would have wanted her readers to believe in the existence of this ghost. Chapters 4-8 1. Who is Nelly Dean? After Lockwood returns home (after his second vis it) in wintry weather, he becomes ill.This sets up his long time spent sitting quietly listening to Nelly tell the story of the Lintons, Earnshaws, and Heathcliff to Mr. Lockwood. Nelly is the house servant for Mr. Lockwood (formerly housekeeper at Wuthering Heights). 2. What do the gifts that Hindley and Catherine ask their father to bring them reveal about their characters? Hindley asks for a fiddle, suggesting he has more of an artists personality. Catherine wants a whip. She appears to be the more robust of the two. 3. What are Heathcliffs origins? Mr. Earnshaw found him ragged and starving on the streets of Liverpool and decided to adopt him. . Why does Hindley despise Heathcliff? He dislikes Heathcliff because Mr. Earnshaw clearly favors Heathcliff over Hindley. 5. Characterize Catherine. She is very much her own master. She teases and provokes her entire family with a pretended lack of respect. She adores Heathcliff, is vulgar to her father, and yet appears to be not actually malicious but high-strung and too carefree. 6. Compare and contrast Catherines and Heathcliffs reactions to the Lintons at Thrushcross Grange. Heathcliff is disgusted by the Lintons.Catherine takes a liking to their elegant style of living. 7. Why did Edgar et applesauce dumped on him? His comment about Heathcliffs hair puts Heathcliff in a temper. 8. Catherine is pained by Hindleys punishment of Heathcliff, yet she continues to entertain her guests. What change does this reveal? She loves Heathcliff and worries about him, but she is strongly drawn to the Lintons and their lifestyle. 9. What does Heathcliff begin to plan? He begins to plan his revenge on Hindley. 10. Who is Hareton Earnshaw? Hareton is the son of Hindley and Frances Earnshaw. 11. How does Frances death affect Hindley? Hindley becomes more cruel and despondent. He turns to excessive drinking. 2. Edgar gets a good look at Catherines other side. What is his reaction? He is horrified at her cruelty and blatant lying, yet his attraction to her and her weeping cause him to return and stay for a visit. C) Chapters 9-10 1. Who saves Haretons life? After Hindley drops Hareton, Heathcliff catches him, saving his life. 2. Why does Catherine accept Edgars proposal when she knows Heathcliff is a part of her soul? She is proud and seduced by the money and power of a marriage to Edgar and deludes herself into thinking it will put her in a position to help Heathcliff. 3. Why does Heathcliff disappear?Catherine hurts his feelings by saying it would degrade her to marry him, so he leaves (although this is not all that she says). 4. How has Heathcliff changed during his absence of three years? His appearance and manners are greatly improved, and he seems to be better educated. Underneath his new appearance, though, his hatreds are more intense and his emotions are more cruel. 5. Who is Isabella, and what does she think of Heathcliff? Isabella is Edgars sister, a Linton. She has taken a fancy to Heathcliff, thi nking his brutish exterior masks softer sentiments, which her love will free. 6.How does Heathcliff begin his revenge on Hindley (and ultimately gain control of his land)? While living at Wuthering Heights, he plays cards with Hindleyand beats him badly, winning great debts from Hindley. (Eventually, this is how he gains control of Wuthering Heights. ) D) Chapters 11-13 1. Describe Hareton Earnshaw as a boy. Hareton is growing up wild. He has no education and has the worst possible examples of humanity to follow. 2. Why does Heathcliff embrace Isabella? He does not love or even like her, but he sees an opportunity to hurt Edgar through her. 3. Why does Catherine put herself into a fit?She wants both Edgar and Heathcliff for herself. She cannot reconcile them nor stop Heathcliff from courting† Isabella. Thus, her power over everyone is diminishing. Her violent passions cause her to have a fit and lock herself in her room for days. 4. For what does Catherine wish in her delirium ? She wishes that she were a young wild girl living at Wuthering Heights as she used to be and that Heathcliff would join her in her grave. 5. What happened to Isabellas Springer? Heathcliff tied it up so it would not bark at or follow him and Isabella. 6. How does Edgar react to Isabellas running away with Heathcliff?He will have no further contact with her as she has now disowned her family in his eyes. 7. What kind of reception does Isabella receive at Wuthering Heights? She is cursed at by Hareton who threatens to set the dogs on her. The rest of the household alternately ignore and curse her. Heathcliff disappears and leaves her to fend for herself. 8. What does Isabella want of Nelly? She wants Nelly to come visit her and bring some message from Edgar. E) Chapters 14-17 1. Describe Heathcliffs relationship with Isabella. He despises her; he thinks she is a fool for marrying him. 2.Why does Nelly agree to take Heathcliffs letter to Catherine? She thinks it will cause less harm than Heathcliffs trying to see Catherine and having to fight Edgar. 3. Describe the relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine. They love and torment each other. She accuses him of leaving her and he accuses her of leaving him for a brief fancy for Edgar. Both feel they cannot live without the other and will only find peace in the grave. Yet Heathcliff also feels a passionate hatred toward her for breaking her own heart and thereby his and leaving him to live in a hell after she dies. . For what does Heathcliff plead from Catherine? He pleads for her ghost to haunt him. 5. Why does Edgar bury Catherine away from the family? He wants her to be near the moors she loved. 6. Isabella hates Heathcliff and yet she warns him that Hindley has a gun and means to shoot him. Why? Although she wishes him dead, Isabella cannot be a party to cold-blooded murder. She probably wouldnt object to a fair fight between the two, but murder would not do. 7. What is Hareton doing when Isabella escapes? He is hanging a litter of puppies. His character is shown as distorted and cruel. 8.Who is Linton? Linton is the son of Isabella and Heathcliff. 9. Compare and contrast the way Hindley and Edgar handle losing their spouses and rearing their children. Hindley turns to gambling and drinking when Frances dies. He abuses Hareton to the point of allowing him to be reared almost like a savage. Edgar mourns Catherine yet recovers to lavish love on their daughter Cathy. 10. Upon Hindleys death, who owns Wuthering Heights, and how? Heathcliff holds the mortgages on Wuthering Heights and therefore owns the property. F) Chapters 18-21 1. Describe Cathys first meeting with Hareton.Their dogs get into a fight in front of Wuthering Heights when Cathy is on her secret journey to the Peniston Crags. They appear quite pleased with each other until Cathy calls him a servant, gives him an order, and refuses to believe he is her cousin. 2. Describe Linton Heathcliff. He is blond, pale, thin, and appea rs to be a sickly child. 3. Why does Heathcliff want Linton? Linton will be the heir of Thrushcross Grange, and Heathcliff sees an opportunity to get the land for himself through his child. 4. Why does Heathcliff feel affection for Hareton? Hareton is the son Heathcliff wanted.He is strong, wild and full of spirit, unlike sickly Linton. 5. Why does Nelly cut off the love letters between Cathy and Linton? She fears Heathcliffs plan that they will marry. Nelly knows better than anyone how dangerous Heathcliff is, and she wants to protect Cathy. G) Chapters 22-26 1. How does Heathcliff get Cathy to visit Linton? He appeals to her pity and sensitivity concerning Lintons loneliness and broken heart. 2. Linton is not very likable. Why do you think Cathy cares for him? Although he is selfish, miserable, and sickly, he is the only person around who is her own age and class.Also, Cathy does have a heart; she pities him. 3. Compare the relationships among Heathcliff, Catherine, and Edgar to t he relationships between Hareton, Cathy, and Linton. Cathy loves Linton and scorns Hareton as a brute, much as Catherine loved Edgar and scorned Heathcliffs bad manners. Cathys love for Linton is actually pity, and we know she finds Hareton physically attractive, if vulgar. It is obvious that Hareton is attracted to Cathy; he tries to improve himself and has become jealous of Linton, as Heathcliff improved himself and was jealous of Edgar. 4. Where do Cathy and Linton meet?They only meet on the moors because each is forbidden to go to the others household. 5. Why does Heathcliff want Cathy and Linton to marry? It is through their union and Lintons early death that he will control Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grangethe family fortunes of both of his enemies. H) Chapters 27-30 1. Why is it necessary for Heathcliff to kidnap Cathy and Nelly? He must get Cathy married to Linton before Edgar dies, in order to have his full revenge. 2. Why does Linton help Cathy escape to see her fat her? He is tired of her cryingand perhaps he feels some pity for her. 3.How has Heathcliff arranged to finally be with Catherine? He has bribed the gravedigger to remove the near sides of their coffins so that their dust may mingle. 4. After Linton dies, what is left for Cathy? She has no money and is a prisoner at Wuthering Heights. I) Chapters 31-34 1. Why is Hareton trying to learn to read? He wants to win Cathys approval. 2. Heathcliff abuses Hareton and tries to see Hindley in his features, but who does he really see? He keeps seeing Catherine in him. 3. How has Wuthering Heights changed in Mr. Lockwoods absence? The gates and windows are unlocked and the house has a cheerful air.Cathy and Hareton are obviously in love with each other, and Heathcliff has died. 4. How did Heathcliff change towards the end? He lost his will for revenge. He became absorbed in Catherines spirit and longed only to be with her. He forgot the earthly needs or desires he had. 5. How is Heathcliffs deat h like Catherines? They both fasted before they died, and they both seemed to already be a part of the world to which they were going. 6. How is the bitterness and hatred in the story finally overcome? The bitterness and hatred is overcome by the love of Cathy and Hareton. The two houses are united and happy once more.

Relations between Indians and English settlers essays

Relations between Indians and English settlers essays Ever since the development of the Roanoke colony in 1585, the relationship between the English settlers and the Native Americans has always been unstable and dangerous. Native Americans would originally consider becoming allies with the new intruders, yet as time went on; a war would emerge between Native Americans and the English settlers as to control the land. This course of action -initially trying to be friends, and eventually ending up being archenemies- gives the impression of being the basic prototype that existed in the New World. One of the best examples to demonstrate the tensions that existed among the English settlers and the Indians is the settlers clash with the Powhatan tribe. When the English landed in Jamestown in 1607, the dominant tribe of the area was the Powhatan, which was named so after the tribes leader, Chief Powhatan. At first, the Powhatan thought that these new intruders might be able to aid them in their struggle for land and power over the other tribes in the area. However, such optimism in hopes of becoming allies vanished as English settlers ran out of food and started to steal and take food from the Native Americans. In 1610, any notion of alliance between the Powhatan and the Virginia settlers was instantaneously revoked when Lord De La Warr arrived with a declaration of war against all Indians in the Jamestown area. Lord De La Warr used his "Irish Tactics" of burning houses and crops and taking prisoners to destroy the Native Americans in what was known as the First Anglo-Powhatan war. A peace treaty was signed, but it only lasted eight years. The Powhatan killed 347 settlers, which lead to the Virginia Company giving orders for "a perpetual war without peace or truce." Although the Powhatan made one more attempt at destroying the Virginians, they were defeated again in the Second Anglo-Powhatan war. The peace treaty of 1646 eliminated all chance of the Powha...

UK islamic funds performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

UK islamic funds performance - Essay Example However, despite this permission, the development of Islamic banking sector could not take place and it was only during 20th century that it started to take its roots. It was only after some Middle Eastern countries took the lead when this sector started to develop. The real development of this sector started in later years of last century when countries like Malaysia started a parallel Islamic Banking system focusing on the need for having an alternative system of banking unlike traditional banking system which is based upon usury. UK is , nowadays, also considered as one of the leading markets for the Islamic banking and other financial products. This study therefore focused on the examination of the performance of UK based Islamic mutual funds between the period of 1999-2009 and comparison with the market benchmark. This study also attempted to explore the impact of financial crisis on the Islamic funds and made a comparison of the impact of crisis on other funds also. Some of the research questions probed under this study therefore include the assessment of under and over performance of Islamic funds, an assessment of the riskiness of Islamic funds as well as the key drivers of returns generated by Islamic funds. Different performance measures such as Sharpe Ratio, Jensen’s Alpha, Treynor’s ratio and information ratio were used to assess the performance of the funds. Results indicate that UK Islamic funds perform similarly as the market benchmarks with the exception of few which tend to outperform the performance index. Results also indicate that Islamic funds can serve as effective hedges for the equity investors because of their inherent nature of being risk averse. The overall results therefore indicate that Islamic funds do not offer any abnormal risk adjusted reward to the investors and can only provide good investment opportunity specially during bursting period